The commandment of Dinim — the establishment of courts of law — is unique among the Seven Laws in that it is a positive commandment: rather than prohibiting something harmful, it commands the construction of something beneficial. Every society, according to Noahide law, is obligated to establish a functioning system of justice: courts, judges, and laws that uphold the other six Noahide commandments. What constitutes a proper court system? Halachic authorities have debated this question extensively. Some hold that Noahides are obligated to establish courts that enforce all seven laws. Others take a broader view, holding that the commandment of Dinim encompasses the entire project of creating a just civil society — including laws about commerce, property, contracts, and interpersonal dealings. The deeper message of this commandment is that justice is not a private matter. It must be institutionalized. A society that tolerates murder, theft, and fraud — even if individuals try to be righteous — has failed in its divine mandate.